The dissension between Phillip and Boniface was important, as it signified a large decrease in the apostolic influence. The controversy between the two began when Phillip unlawfully taxed the clergy, in order to reap credit for war with England. According to tradition, it wasn't permissible for the king to do so, without the compliance of the pope.Phillip completely ignored this conventional guideline,plunging ahead on his own accord.Boniface was quick to counter this outrageous act with Clericis Laicos, a document instating the consequences. It read that kings who followed such actions would be excommunicated, their kingdoms under interdict. Bishops who paid the tax were also to be punished, by demotion from office. Phillip dealt with this, by simply halting the French church's money supply to Rome. Pope Boniface was astounded and at a loss now, because he relied on these assets. In desperation, he pretended to have changed his mind regarding the clergy's taxation.
He told the bishops instead to proceed with disbursing the tax. This was clearly only because he was afraid of losing Phillip's monetary support. For a short while, the fiery strife between them cooled down. However it was only temporary, as the king went on to cause more drama.The French monarch confined the Bishop of Pamiers. He also cut him off from his entitlement to an ecclesiastical council. When the honorable pope discovered this, he was adamant for the bishop's release.
Regrettably, these kinds of disputes would only continue and grow progressively worse with time. Each man competed furiously for authority over the other. In spite of Boniface's attempts, the sovereign Phillip came out triumphant in every incident. At one point, he ordered troops to come and abuse the helpless pontiff. So bantered was Boniface by the event, that he succumbed thirty days later.
His dynasty was especially exclusive in the history of papistic rulers.In the past, the pope had far more control and could independently order a whole crusade. The intervention of the king was in no way required to perform such actions. If the emperor was expelled, the whole dominion would be in an uproar. Said emperor wouldn't have a choice but to ask remittal for his violations. Otherwise, he was disrupting everything orderly in the country. He was entirely at the mercy of the pope and had little say. All of this was reciprocated, due to the burgeoning endowment of the crown.
3. Based on the video and on your reading, what were the effects on Europe of the Black Death?
The Black Death was a devastating blow to the entire continent of Europe. It swept over each country like a gloomy cloud bringing despair and destruction in it's wake. It caused the demise of a third the population of Europe, affecting millions of men, women and children. The epidemic was a convergence of two plagues, the Bubonic and Pneuonmic. The Bubonic plague was passed from fleas infesting rats brought on Italian trade ships. The pneumonic plague was conveyed by coughing and sneezing. The deadliness of these sicknesses was incomparable, as up to 90% of people contracting it died within three to twelve days!
It's not hard to envision how incredibly horrible and disturbing this must have been for the residents. People tended to jump to either one extreme or the other, in order to cope with the profusion of suffering and sorrow. Some resorted to indulging in excessive bodily pleasures, knowing they would soon die anyhow. Others went to the opposite end of the spectrum, imposing more discomfort upon themselves. They undertook grave self-mortification, anticipating mercy from God. A perfect case of this is the "flagellants", who would thrash themselves in public.
Naturally, as a result of the copious deaths, the number of workers dropped sharply. The people who were fit and healthy enough requested higher pay. The employers looked to the government for reinforcement in instating wage controls.
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